Newbie help – what effects are these websites using?

As per the title, am a newbie to this great theme – and my first request for help. I’ve managed to familiarise myself with most of the effects but I’m trying to figure out how to achieve the following effects that I’ve seen on others websites (using Enfold). Can someone just tell me briefly how each effect was achieved and whether any of them need additional manual code (in other words, not achievable by default settings) – would be most appreciated as Ive hit a roadblock trying every combination of default settings! Many thanks!

1. http://www.le-hameau-du-kashmir.com/ (how the page moves up to hide the image, and where the top header fades to white)
2. http://www.boa.ac.uk/ (mouseover effect on the large icons on the image background)
3. http://emotivetechnology.com/ (the two different large font styles in the same text box? ‘For entrepreneurs. By entrepreneurs.’