Anyways, fixed it for now – made a template of a form that works correctly and used it on the page. Still don’t know why this happened but I guess I’m alright for not

Thank you, but I don’t even have any plugins activated that can cause this. De-activated them but naturally it did not help.
There is a quote mark instead in the title when left empty; the captcha appears for no reason and layout is not what I set it to be. So please give me a code fix, I’ll do it in the child theme. (quick CSS is not working, the style is not overwritten by quick CSS entries, so please lets not use that)

Yes, I forgot to mention that it appears with latest Safari in latest iOS (both mobile and desktop)